feeder birds

American Goldfinch -			Black-capped Chickadee -
male, in winter plumage	male and female	female, in winter plumage

Black-crested Titmouse -	Carolina Chickadee -	House Finch -
			female

	House Sparrow -
male	male, in breeding plumage	female	male

Mountain Chickadee - white supercilium	Pine Siskin -	Tufted Titmouse -
	female

small birds

Blue-gray Gnatcatcher -		Dickcissel -	Eastern Bluebird -
		male, in breeding plumage	female

		Golden-crowned Kinglet -
female	male

Indigo Bunting -			Nanday Parakeet -
male, in first spring plumage	male, in breeding plumage	female, in breeding plumage

Painted Bunting -
female	female	male	male

Ruby-crowned Kinglet -		Verdin -	Western Bluebird - western
male	female	male

medium-size birds

American Robin -		Baltimore Oriole -
chicks		female	male

Black-headed Grosbeak - western	Blue Grosbeak -		Blue Jay -
	male	female

Brewers Blackbird - female has dark eye		Brown-headed Cowbird -
female	male, in breeding plumage	male	female

Brown Thrasher -	Bullocks Oriole - western
	male	first year plumage	female

Cedar Waxwing -		Clarks Nutcracker -	Common Grackle -

Curved-bill Thrasher -		European Starling -
			breeding plumage

Florida Scrub Jay -	Gray-cheeked Thrush -	Gray Catbird -	Gray Jay -

	Hermit Thrush - rufous tail, white eyering	Loggerhead Shrike -	Mexican Jay -
juvenile

Northern Cardinal -			Northern Mockingbird -
female	male	female

	Orchard Oriole -
leucistic	male	male, in first summer plumage	female

Phrrhuloxia -	Plainopepla -
male	female	male	female

Rose-breasted Grosbeak -
molting	male	female	female

	Scarlet Tanager -	Scotts Oriole -	Stellers Jay -
male	male, in breeding plumage

Summer Tanager -
male, in first spring plumage	first spring plumage	first spring plumage	male, in first spring plumage

			Swainsons Thrush - buffy spectacles, pale dotted breast and belly
female	male	male

Western Scrub Jay -	Western Tanager - male, yellow and black, red head
	male, in breeding plumage

larger birds

American Crow -		Black-billed Magpie -

Boat-tailed Grackle -		Common Raven -	Fish Crow - thin nasal call
female	male

Great-tailed Grackle - siren-like vocals		Yellow-billed Cuckoo -
female	male

field birds

Bobolink -			Eastern Meadowlark - mostly white malar, streaks on flanks
		female	breeding plumage

Red-winged Blackbird -
female	female	male	female

			Sandhill Crane -
female	male	female, in first summer plumage	winter plumage

summer plumage		molting	winter plumage

	Tricolored Blackbird - white wing marks, western		Western Meadowlark - yellow malar, dashes on flanks
	male	female	breeding plumage

Whooping Crane - red malar	Yellow-headed Blackbird -
		male	female

game birds

California Quail -	Chukar -	Gambels Quail -
male and female	male	female	male

Ring-necked Pheasant - male unique	Ruffed Grouse -	Scaled Quail -	Wild Turkey -
male			male

		Willow Ptarmigan -
male	male	male, in breeding plumage

ground foragers

Canyon Towhee -	Dark-eyed Junco - Oregon variety with black hood		Eastern Towhee -
	male		female

		Eurasian Collared Dove -
male	male and female		leucistic

Greater Roadrunner -	Mourning Dove -		Rock Pigeon -

White-winged Dove -

tree-climbers

Brown-headed Nuthatch -		Brown Creeper -	Red-breasted Nuthatch -

White-breasted Nuthatch -

Flycatchers

Black Phoebe -	Brown-crested Flycatcher -	Eastern Kingbird - white tail tip	Eastern Phoebe - weak wingbars
			juvenile

	Eastern Wood-pewee - clear wingbars		Great Crested Flycatcher -

Olive-sided Flycatcher -	Says Phoebe -

Vermilion Flycatcher -			Western Kingbird - pale grey above, yellow underneath
male	male	female

Western Wood-pewee - western		Willow Flycatcher -	Yellow-bellied Flycatcher - complete eyering
	juvenile

Hummingbirds

Annas Hummingbird -		Ruby-throated Hummingbird -
male

male		female	female

Sparrows

American Tree Sparrow - bicolored bill		Black-throated Sparrow -	Chipping Sparrow - dark lores and eyeline
	juvenile

Clay-colored Sparrow - gray nape	Field Sparrow - pink bill, white eyering		Fox Sparrow -

Lark Bunting -			Lincolns Sparrow - sharp streaking, fine throat streaks, buffy malars
	male, in breeding plumage	female

Rufous-crowned Sparrow -	Savannah Sparrow - sharp streaking, white malars, pale crown, yellowish lores		Song Sparrow - course streaking, breast spot

	Swamp Sparrow - blurred streaks, plain throat		Vesper Sparrow - white eyering

White-crowned Sparrow -
			juvenile

White-throated Sparrow -
	juvenile

Swallows

Bank Swallow - brown, white below, dark breastband		Barn Swallow - orange below, long tail, dark nape
			male

	Cliff Swallow - pale below, short square tail, pale nape, buffy rump		Northern Rough-winged Swallow - drab, short square tail

	Purple Martin -		Tree Swallow -
	male	female	female

male

Vireos

Blue-headed Vireo -	Philadelphia Vireo - yellow throat	Red-eyed Vireo - gray crown with dark border

Warbling Vireo - white throat	White-eyed Vireo -

Warblers

American Redstart - female pale with gray head, yellow on sides and base of tail			Bay-breasted Warbler -
male	female	female	male, in breeding plumage

	Black And White Warbler -		Blackburnian Warbler -
female, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage	female	female

	Black-throated Blue Warbler -		Black-throated Green Warbler -
male, in breeding plumage	female	male	male

	Canada Warbler -	Cape May Warbler -
female	male, in breeding plumage	female, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage

Chestnut-sided Warbler -			Common Yellowthroat -
female, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage	female	female

		Connecticut Warbler - gray head and throat, white eyering	Magnolia Warbler -
male	male		male, in breeding plumage

	Mourning Warbler - dark lores	Nashville Warbler - gray head, yellow throat
female, in breeding plumage			female, in first year plumage

Northern Parula -		Orange-crowned Warbler - drab, sharp bill, broken eyering, yellow undertail	Palm Warbler -
male	female		breeding plumage

	breeding plumage		breeding plumage

	Pine Warbler - dark cheeks, yellow eyering	Prairie Warbler - dark collar spot, dark arc under eye	Prothonotary Warbler -
			male

	Tennessee Warbler - gray crown, green back, light below, eyeline	Wilsons Warbler - black crown	Yellow-breasted Chat -
female

Yellow-rumped Warbler -
molting	male, in breeding plumage

		female	male, in breeding plumage

	Yellow-throated Warbler -	Yellow Warbler -
male, in breeding plumage		male	female

Woodpeckers

Acorn Woodpecker -		Downy Woodpecker -
		male	female

Gila Woodpecker -		Gilded Flicker -
male		male	female

Golden-fronted Woodpecker -	Hairy Woodpecker - bill almost as long as head	Northern Flicker -
male		female	female

	Pileated Woodpecker -		Red-bellied Woodpecker -
male	female	male	male

			Red-breasted Sapsucker -
leucistic	male	female

Red-cockaded Woodpecker -	Red-headed Woodpecker -		Yellow-bellied Sapsucker -
			male

female

Wrens

Cactus Wren -		Carolina Wren -	House Wren -

		Marsh Wren - streaked back, brown crown	Rock Wren -
juvenile

Nightjars

Common Nighthawk - note tail pattern
male		male	male

Owls

Barred Owl -		Eastern Screech-owl - gray and red morphs
		chick	juvenile

			Great Horned Owl -
		juvenile	chick

			Snowy Owl -
female	juvenile	male

Raptors

American Kestral -
male	female	male

Bald Eagle -
	juvenile

juvenile		juvenile	juvenile

		Black Vulture -
chick

Broad-winged Hawk -		Coopers Hawk - large, pale nape, rounded tail
	juvenile

	Crested Caracara -		Golden Eagle - dark with golden head

		Merlin - small

			Northern Harrier - owl-like face, white rump
			juvenile

juvenile		female	female

Osprey - large, white body			Peregrine Falcon -
chick

Prairie Falcon - palish, dark wingpits	Red-shouldered Hawk - narrow tail bands
		juvenile	juvenile

		Red-tailed Hawk -

			juvenile

Rough-legged Hawk - dark wrists, single tail bar at end		Sharp-shinned Hawk -	Swallow-tailed Kite -
		juvenile

	Turkey Vulture -

Gulls

Black-legged Kittiwake -
	juvenile	juvenile	breeding plumage

	Bonapartes Gull - black bill
breeding plumage		breeding plumage

		California Gull -	Glaucous Gull - pale, white wing tips
breeding plumage	compare ring-billed	breeding plumage	juvenile

		Glaucous-winged Gull - dark iris, no black on wings	Great Black-backed Gull -
breeding plumage	juvenile	breeding plumage	juvenile

			Herring Gull - pale iris, pink legs, indefinite black wing tips
compare ring-bill on right		breeding plumage	breeding plumage

			Laughing Gull - red bill, black wing tips, dark legs
juvenile		compare ring-billed on right	breeding plumage

		breeding plumage

Ring-billed Gull - black ring on yellow bill, yellow legs, white spot on black wing tips
second winter plumage		compare herring on left

second winter plumage	juvenile	juvenile	breeding plumage

Short-billed Gull - dark eye, plain yellow bill, yellow legs		Thayers Gull -	Western Gull - western, dark back
juvenile		first summer plumage	breeding plumage

Skimmers

Black Skimmer -
	juvenile	compare laughing gull

juvenile

shorebirds

American Avocet -		American Oystercatcher -
breeding plumage

American Woodcock -	Black-bellied Plover - short heavy bill
	male, in breeding plumage	molting	juvenile

		Black-necked Stilt -
compare dunlin on left			male and female

	Black Oystercatcher - west coast	Dunlin - stocky, long drooping bill

		Greater Yellowlegs - bill slightly upturned
breeding plumage

	Killdeer - double breast band		Least Sandpiper - slightly down-turned bill, greenish legs
breeding plumage

			Lesser Yellowlegs - straight bill a little longer than head
	compare greater yellowlegs	breeding plumage	breeding plumage

		Long-billed Dowitcher - greenish legs, more often in freshwater
		breeding plumage

Marbled Godwit -		Piping Plover - very pale with dark eye, orange legs	Red Knot -
			female

		Ruddy Turnstone -
compare sanderling	male

Sanderling -
female, in breeding plumage			male, in breeding plumage

Semipalmated Plover - single breast band			Semipalmated Sandpiper - shorter straighter bill than least, dark legs
		breeding plumage	breeding plumage

	Short-billed Dowitcher - greenish legs, barred flanks, more often in saltwater
breeding plumage		compare black-bellied plovers	compare dunlin

Solitary Sandpiper - greenish legs, white eyering			Spotted Sandpiper - yellowish legs
juvenile	breeding plumage		breeding plumage

		Western Sandpiper - longish bill slightly drooped, black legs	Willet - gray legs, long bill with dark end

			Wilsons Phalarope -
breeding plumage			male, in breeding plumage

Wilsons Snipe - striped back and head, barred flanks, orange tail

waders

American Bittern -	American Flamingo -
	juvenile	juvenile

		Black-crowned Night Heron -
			juvenile

Glossy Ibis - brownish bill, dark iris			Great Blue Heron -
breeding plumage	breeding plumage		juvenile

	juvenile

	chicks	juvenile

Great Egret - yellow bill, black legs and feet
breeding plumage			compare great blue

	Great White Heron - pale legs	Green Heron -
			juvenile

		Least Bittern -
		male	male

Little Blue Heron -
juvenile	breeding plumage	compare white ibis	molting

		Reddish Egret - gray legs
molting			juvenile

	Roseate Spoonbill -
breeding plumage		juvenile

		Snowy Egret - black bill, yellow lores and feet
		breeding plumage

			compare great egret

		Snowy Egret-Tricolored heron - hybrid	Tricolored Heron -
breeding plumage	breeding plumage		breeding plumage

Western Cattle Egret - all white except yellow bill and lores, dark legs	White-faced Ibis - red iris, pink lores, gray bill
			breeding plumage

White Ibis -
	molting

	Wood Stork -
juvenile	juvenile

	Yellow-crowned Night Heron -
			juvenile

wetland birds

Clapper Rail - pale throat, mostly white undertail		Common Gallinule -
		juvenile

		Limpkin -	Purple Gallinule -
	juvenile

Sora - stout greenish-yellow bill, green legs
breeding plumage

dabblers

American Black Duck - greenish bill	American White Pelican -
	compare snowy egret		breeding plumage

		American Wigeon -
		male, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage

	Black-bellied Whistling Duck -		Blue-winged Teal -
female			female

male, in breeding plumage	female	breeding plumage

Brant -		Cackling Goose - short bill, dark breast	Canada Goose -
			juvenile

		Cinnamon Teal - red eye
	chicks	male, in breeding plumage	female

Domestic Muscovy -	Gadwall - black bill with orange sides, yellow legs, white wing patch
	female	male, in breeding plumage	breeding plumage

Garganey -	Greater White-fronted Goose - brownish-gray neck, white face, orange bill and legs, stripey belly		Green-winged Teal - note gold patch
male, in breeding plumage	compare canada		female

		Mallard -
male, in breeding plumage	breeding plumage	juvenile	juvenile

breeding plumage	breeding plumage	male and female	breeding plumage

		Mandarin Duck -	Mottled Duck - pale neck and scalp, yellow bill, black gape
male and female

Mute Swan -
	juvenile

Northern Pintail - gray bill and legs
female	male, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage	female

Northern Shoveler -
female	male	breeding plumage	male molting

	Snow Goose - dark grin patch		Trumpeter Swan - brown streaks from iron in diet
male, in breeding plumage

		Tundra Swan - yellow lores	Wood Duck -
			female

chicks	juvenile	juvenile	juvenile female

juvenile	male, in breeding plumage	juvenile male	male

divers

American Coot -		Anhinga -
		juvenile	male

male, in breeding plumage	male	male, in breeding plumage

		Black Scoter -	Bufflehead -
chicks	female		female

		Canvasback - white body, black bill
male and female	male, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage	female, in breeding plumage

Clarks Grebe - white surrounds eye in breeding plummage	Common Goldeneye -		Common Loon -
	female, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage

		Common Merganser -	Double-crested Cormorant -
breeding plumage		female, in breeding plumage	juvenile

	Eared Grebe - dusky or black neck		Great Cormorant - gray bill, yellow chin, white throat and belly
compare brown pelican	juvenile	breeding plumage

Greater Scaup - rounded head, long broad bill		Harlequin Duck - complex breeding pattern	Hooded Merganser -
breeding plumage	female	male, in breeding plumage	male and female, in breeding plumage

		Horned Grebe - red gape
female	male, in breeding plumage	breeding plumage

Lesser Scaup - peaked head, narrow blue bill
male, in breeding plumage	breeding plumage	female, in breeding plumage	female, in breeding plumage

Long-tailed Duck -
male	male, in winter plumage	female, in winter plumage

	Pacific Loon - pale gray nape	Pelagic Cormorant - dark face, white hip patch	Pied-billed Grebe -
female, in winter plumage	breeding plumage	breeding plumage	juvenile

			Red-breasted Merganser -
juvenile		breeding plumage	female, in breeding plumage

		Red-faced Cormorant - light face and bill, white hip patch	Redhead - gray body, blue bill with black tip
	breeding plumage		male, in breeding plumage

	Red-necked Grebe - large yellow bill, white ear patch	Red-throated Loon - smaller than common, thinner bill, white face and throat
female, in breeding plumage			juvenile

Ring-necked Duck - light spur on front flank			Ruddy Duck - tail often raised
female, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage

			Surf Scoter -
female		male	male

		Western Grebe - dark except white throat, olive bill, dark around eye
male	female	breeding plumage	breeding plumage

breeding plumage

plunge-divers

Belted Kingfisher -
female			male

		Black Tern - dark grey wings and back	Brown Pelican -
		breeding plumage	juvenile

			Caspian Tern - red bill with dark tip, black cap and legs
breeding plumage		juvenile	breeding plumage

	Common Tern - orange legs
breeding plumage	breeding plumage		breeding plumage

Forsters Tern -
		juvenile

Northern Gannet -	Royal Tern - heavy orange bill, black legs
			breeding plumage

	Sandwich Tern - black bill with pale tip, black legs

pelagic birds

Atlantic Puffin -
breeding plumage	breeding plumage	breeding plumage	breeding plumage

	Black Guillemot -		Common Murre - west coast
breeding plumage			breeding plumage

		Northern Fulmar - stubby yellowish bill	Pigeon Guillemot - dark body, red feet
breeding plumage	breeding plumage		breeding plumage

Tufted Puffin -
breeding plumage	breeding plumage