feeder birds

American Goldfinch -			Black-capped Chickadee -
male, in winter plumage	male and female	female, in winter plumage

Black-crested Titmouse -	Carolina Chickadee -	House Finch -
			female

	House Sparrow -
male	male, in breeding plumage	female	male

Mountain Chickadee - white supercilium	Pine Siskin -	Tufted Titmouse -
	female

small birds

Blue-gray Gnatcatcher -		Dickcissel -	Eastern Bluebird -
		male, in breeding plumage	female

		Golden-crowned Kinglet -
female	male

Indigo Bunting -			Nanday Parakeet -
male, in first spring plumage	male, in breeding plumage	female, in breeding plumage

Painted Bunting -
female	female	male	male

Ruby-crowned Kinglet -		Verdin -	Western Bluebird - western
male	female	male

medium-size birds

American Robin -		Baltimore Oriole -
chicks		female	male

Black-headed Grosbeak - western	Blue Grosbeak -		Blue Jay -
	male	female

Brewers Blackbird - female has dark eye		Brown-headed Cowbird -
female	male, in breeding plumage	male	female

Brown Thrasher -	Bullocks Oriole - western
	male	first year plumage	female

Cedar Waxwing -		Clarks Nutcracker -	Common Grackle -

Curved-bill Thrasher -		European Starling -
			breeding plumage

Florida Scrub Jay -	Gray Catbird -	Gray Jay -
			juvenile

Hermit Thrush - rufous tail, white eyering	Loggerhead Shrike -	Mexican Jay -	Northern Cardinal -
			female

		Northern Mockingbird -
male	female		leucistic

Orchard Oriole -			Phrrhuloxia -
male	male, in first summer plumage	female	male

Plainopepla -			Rose-breasted Grosbeak -
female	male	female	molting

male	female	female	male

Scarlet Tanager -	Scotts Oriole -	Stellers Jay -	Summer Tanager -
male, in breeding plumage			male, in first spring plumage

first spring plumage	first spring plumage	male, in first spring plumage	female

		Swainsons Thrush - buffy spectacles, pale dotted breast and belly	Western Scrub Jay -
male	male

Western Tanager - male, yellow and black, red head
male, in breeding plumage

larger birds

American Crow -		Black-billed Magpie -

Boat-tailed Grackle -		Common Raven -	Fish Crow - thin nasal call
female	male

Great-tailed Grackle - siren-like vocals		Yellow-billed Cuckoo -
female	male

field birds

Bobolink -			Eastern Meadowlark - mostly white malar, streaks on flanks
		female	breeding plumage

Red-winged Blackbird -
female	female	female	male

	Sandhill Crane -
female, in first summer plumage	winter plumage	summer plumage

			Tricolored Blackbird - white wing marks, western
molting	winter plumage		male

	Western Meadowlark - yellow malar, dashes on flanks	Whooping Crane - red malar	Yellow-headed Blackbird -
female	breeding plumage

male	female

game birds

California Quail -	Chukar -	Gambels Quail -
male and female	male	female	male

Ring-necked Pheasant - male unique	Ruffed Grouse -	Scaled Quail -	Wild Turkey -
male			male

		Willow Ptarmigan -
male	male	male, in breeding plumage

ground foragers

Canyon Towhee -	Dark-eyed Junco - Oregon variety with black hood		Eastern Towhee -
	male		female

		Eurasian Collared Dove -
male	male and female		leucistic

Greater Roadrunner -	Mourning Dove -		Rock Pigeon -

White-winged Dove -

tree-climbers

Brown-headed Nuthatch -		Brown Creeper -	Red-breasted Nuthatch -

White-breasted Nuthatch -

Flycatchers

Black Phoebe -	Brown-crested Flycatcher -	Eastern Kingbird - white tail tip	Eastern Phoebe - weak wingbars
			juvenile

	Eastern Wood-pewee - clear wingbars		Great Crested Flycatcher -

Olive-sided Flycatcher -	Says Phoebe -

Vermilion Flycatcher -			Western Kingbird - pale grey above, yellow underneath
male	male	female

Western Wood-pewee - western		Willow Flycatcher -	Yellow-bellied Flycatcher - complete eyering
	juvenile

Hummingbirds

Annas Hummingbird -		Ruby-throated Hummingbird -
male

male		female

Sparrows

American Tree Sparrow - bicolored bill		Black-throated Sparrow -	Chipping Sparrow - dark lores and eyeline
	juvenile

Clay-colored Sparrow - gray nape	Field Sparrow - pink bill, white eyering		Fox Sparrow -

Lark Bunting -			Lincolns Sparrow - sharp streaking, fine throat streaks, buffy malars
	male, in breeding plumage	female

Rufous-crowned Sparrow -	Savannah Sparrow - sharp streaking, white malars, pale crown, yellowish lores		Song Sparrow - course streaking, breast spot

	Swamp Sparrow - blurred streaks, plain throat		Vesper Sparrow - white eyering

White-crowned Sparrow -
			juvenile

White-throated Sparrow -
	juvenile

Swallows

Bank Swallow - brown, white below, dark breastband		Barn Swallow - orange below, long tail, dark nape
			male

	Cliff Swallow - pale below, short square tail, pale nape, buffy rump		Northern Rough-winged Swallow - drab, short square tail

	Purple Martin -		Tree Swallow -
	male	female	female

male

Vireos

Blue-headed Vireo -	Philadelphia Vireo - yellow throat	Red-eyed Vireo - gray crown with dark border

Warbling Vireo - white throat	White-eyed Vireo -

Warblers

American Redstart - female pale with gray head, yellow on sides and base of tail			Bay-breasted Warbler -
male	female	female	male, in breeding plumage

	Black And White Warbler -		Blackburnian Warbler -
female, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage	female	female

	Black-throated Blue Warbler -
male, in breeding plumage	female	female, in first year plumage	male

Black-throated Green Warbler -		Canada Warbler -	Cape May Warbler -
male	female	male, in breeding plumage	female, in breeding plumage

	Chestnut-sided Warbler -
male, in breeding plumage	female, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage	female

Common Yellowthroat -			Connecticut Warbler - gray head and throat, white eyering
female	male	male

Magnolia Warbler -		Mourning Warbler - dark lores	Nashville Warbler - gray head, yellow throat
male, in breeding plumage	female, in breeding plumage

	Northern Parula -		Orange-crowned Warbler - drab, sharp bill, broken eyering, yellow undertail
female, in first year plumage	male	female

Palm Warbler -
breeding plumage

Pine Warbler - dark cheeks, yellow eyering	Prairie Warbler - dark collar spot, dark arc under eye	Prothonotary Warbler -
		male	female

Tennessee Warbler - gray crown, green back, light below, eyeline	Wilsons Warbler - black crown	Yellow-breasted Chat -	Yellow-rumped Warbler -
			molting

male, in breeding plumage

	female	male, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage

Yellow-throated Warbler -	Yellow Warbler -
	male	female

Woodpeckers

Acorn Woodpecker -		Downy Woodpecker -
		male	female

Gila Woodpecker -		Gilded Flicker -
male		male	female

Golden-fronted Woodpecker -	Hairy Woodpecker - bill almost as long as head	Northern Flicker -
male		female	female

	Pileated Woodpecker -		Red-bellied Woodpecker -
male	female	male	male

			Red-breasted Sapsucker -
leucistic	male	female

Red-cockaded Woodpecker -	Red-headed Woodpecker -	Yellow-bellied Sapsucker -
		male	female

Wrens

Cactus Wren -		Carolina Wren -	House Wren -

		Marsh Wren - streaked back, brown crown	Rock Wren -
juvenile

Nightjars

Common Nighthawk - note tail pattern
male		male	male

Owls

Barred Owl -		Eastern Screech-owl - gray and red morphs
		chick	juvenile

			Great Horned Owl -
		juvenile	chick

			Snowy Owl -
female	juvenile	male

Raptors

American Kestral -
male	female	male

Bald Eagle -
	juvenile		juvenile

	juvenile	juvenile	chick

	Black Vulture -		Broad-winged Hawk -

	Coopers Hawk - large, pale nape, rounded tail
juvenile

Crested Caracara -		Golden Eagle - dark with golden head

	Merlin - small

		Northern Harrier - owl-like face, white rump
		juvenile	juvenile

			Osprey - large, white body
	female	female	chick

		Peregrine Falcon -	Prairie Falcon - palish, dark wingpits

Red-shouldered Hawk - narrow tail bands
	juvenile	juvenile

	Red-tailed Hawk -

			Rough-legged Hawk - dark wrists, single tail bar at end
		juvenile

	Sharp-shinned Hawk -	Swallow-tailed Kite -
	juvenile

Turkey Vulture -

Gulls

Black-legged Kittiwake -
	juvenile	juvenile	breeding plumage

	Bonapartes Gull - black bill
breeding plumage		breeding plumage

		California Gull -	Glaucous Gull - pale, white wing tips
breeding plumage	compare ring-billed	breeding plumage	juvenile

Glaucous-winged Gull - dark iris, no black on wings	Great Black-backed Gull -
breeding plumage		juvenile	compare ring-bill on right

	Herring Gull - pale iris, pink legs, indefinite black wing tips
	breeding plumage	juvenile

	Laughing Gull - red bill, black wing tips, dark legs
compare ring-billed on right	breeding plumage

		Ring-billed Gull - black ring on yellow bill, yellow legs, white spot on black wing tips
breeding plumage		second winter plumage

compare herring on left		second winter plumage	juvenile

		Short-billed Gull - dark eye, plain yellow bill, yellow legs
juvenile	breeding plumage	juvenile

Thayers Gull -	Western Gull - western, dark back
first summer plumage	breeding plumage

Skimmers

Black Skimmer -
	juvenile	compare laughing gull

juvenile

shorebirds

American Avocet -		American Oystercatcher -
breeding plumage

American Woodcock -	Black-bellied Plover - short heavy bill
	male, in breeding plumage	juvenile	compare dunlin on left

	Black-necked Stilt -
		male and female

Black Oystercatcher - west coast	Dunlin - stocky, long drooping bill
			breeding plumage

	Greater Yellowlegs - bill slightly upturned
			breeding plumage

Killdeer - double breast band		Least Sandpiper - slightly down-turned bill, greenish legs

		Lesser Yellowlegs - straight bill a little longer than head
compare greater yellowlegs	breeding plumage

Long-billed Dowitcher - greenish legs, more often in freshwater		Marbled Godwit -
breeding plumage

Piping Plover - very pale with dark eye, orange legs	Red Knot -
	female	compare sanderling	male

Ruddy Turnstone -		Sanderling -
		female, in breeding plumage

		Semipalmated Plover - single breast band
	male, in breeding plumage

	Semipalmated Sandpiper - shorter straighter bill than least, dark legs	Short-billed Dowitcher - greenish legs, barred flanks, more often in saltwater
breeding plumage	breeding plumage		compare black-bellied plovers

	Solitary Sandpiper - greenish legs, white eyering
compare dunlin	juvenile	breeding plumage

Spotted Sandpiper - yellowish legs			Western Sandpiper - longish bill slightly drooped, black legs
breeding plumage

Willet - gray legs, long bill with dark end
	breeding plumage

Wilsons Phalarope -	Wilsons Snipe - striped back and head, barred flanks, orange tail
male, in breeding plumage

waders

American Bittern -	American Flamingo -
	juvenile	juvenile

		Black-crowned Night Heron -
			juvenile

Glossy Ibis - brownish bill, dark iris			Great Blue Heron -
breeding plumage	breeding plumage		juvenile

	juvenile

	chicks	juvenile

Great Egret - yellow bill, black legs and feet
breeding plumage			compare great blue

	Great White Heron - pale legs	Green Heron -
			juvenile

		Least Bittern -
		male	male

Little Blue Heron -
juvenile	breeding plumage	compare white ibis	molting

		Reddish Egret - gray legs
molting			juvenile

	Roseate Spoonbill -
breeding plumage		juvenile

		Snowy Egret - black bill, yellow lores and feet
		breeding plumage

			compare great egret

		Snowy Egret-Tricolored heron - hybrid	Tricolored Heron -
breeding plumage	breeding plumage		breeding plumage

Western Cattle Egret - all white except yellow bill and lores, dark legs	White-faced Ibis - red iris, pink lores, gray bill
			breeding plumage

White Ibis -
	molting

	Wood Stork -
juvenile	juvenile

	Yellow-crowned Night Heron -
			juvenile

wetland birds

Clapper Rail - pale throat, mostly white undertail		Common Gallinule -
		juvenile

		Limpkin -	Purple Gallinule -
	juvenile

Sora - stout greenish-yellow bill, green legs
breeding plumage

dabblers

American Black Duck - greenish bill	American White Pelican -
	compare snowy egret		breeding plumage

		American Wigeon -
		male, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage

	Black-bellied Whistling Duck -		Blue-winged Teal -
female			female

male, in breeding plumage	female	breeding plumage

Brant -		Cackling Goose - short bill, dark breast	Canada Goose -
			juvenile

		Cinnamon Teal - red eye
	chicks	male, in breeding plumage	female

Domestic Muscovy -	Gadwall - black bill with orange sides, yellow legs, white wing patch
	female	male, in breeding plumage	breeding plumage

Garganey -	Greater White-fronted Goose - brownish-gray neck, white face, orange bill and legs, stripey belly		Green-winged Teal - note gold patch
male, in breeding plumage	compare canada		female

		Mallard -
male, in breeding plumage	breeding plumage	juvenile	breeding plumage

breeding plumage	male and female	breeding plumage	male and female

	Mandarin Duck -	Mottled Duck - pale neck and scalp, yellow bill, black gape	Mute Swan -

			Northern Pintail - gray bill and legs
juvenile			female

			Northern Shoveler -
male, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage	female	female

male	breeding plumage	male molting	male, in breeding plumage

Snow Goose - dark grin patch		Trumpeter Swan - brown streaks from iron in diet

	Tundra Swan - yellow lores	Wood Duck -
		female	chicks

juvenile	juvenile	juvenile female	juvenile

male, in breeding plumage	juvenile male	male

divers

American Coot -		Anhinga -
		juvenile	male

male, in breeding plumage	male	male, in breeding plumage

		Black Scoter -	Bufflehead -
chicks	female		female

		Canvasback - white body, black bill
male and female	male, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage	female, in breeding plumage

Clarks Grebe - white surrounds eye in breeding plummage	Common Goldeneye -		Common Loon -
	female, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage

		Common Merganser -	Double-crested Cormorant -
breeding plumage		female, in breeding plumage	juvenile

	Eared Grebe - dusky or black neck		Great Cormorant - gray bill, yellow chin, white throat and belly
compare brown pelican	juvenile	breeding plumage

Greater Scaup - rounded head, long broad bill		Harlequin Duck - complex breeding pattern	Hooded Merganser -
breeding plumage	female	male, in breeding plumage	male and female, in breeding plumage

		Horned Grebe - red gape
female	male, in breeding plumage	breeding plumage

Lesser Scaup - peaked head, narrow blue bill
male, in breeding plumage	breeding plumage	female, in breeding plumage	female, in breeding plumage

Long-tailed Duck -
male	male, in winter plumage	female, in winter plumage

	Pacific Loon - pale gray nape	Pelagic Cormorant - dark face, white hip patch	Pied-billed Grebe -
female, in winter plumage	breeding plumage	breeding plumage	juvenile

			Red-breasted Merganser -
juvenile		breeding plumage	female, in breeding plumage

		Red-faced Cormorant - light face and bill, white hip patch	Redhead - gray body, blue bill with black tip
	breeding plumage		male, in breeding plumage

	Red-necked Grebe - large yellow bill, white ear patch	Red-throated Loon - smaller than common, thinner bill, white face and throat
female, in breeding plumage			juvenile

Ring-necked Duck - light spur on front flank			Ruddy Duck - tail often raised
female, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage	male, in breeding plumage

			Surf Scoter -
female		male	male

		Western Grebe - dark except white throat, olive bill, dark around eye
male	female	breeding plumage	breeding plumage

breeding plumage

plunge-divers

Belted Kingfisher -
female			male

		Black Tern - dark grey wings and back	Brown Pelican -
		breeding plumage	juvenile

			Caspian Tern - red bill with dark tip, black cap and legs
breeding plumage		juvenile	breeding plumage

	Common Tern - orange legs		Forsters Tern -
breeding plumage		breeding plumage

			Northern Gannet -
	juvenile

Royal Tern - heavy orange bill, black legs
		breeding plumage

Sandwich Tern - black bill with pale tip, black legs

pelagic birds

Common Murre - west coast			Pigeon Guillemot - dark body, red feet
breeding plumage	breeding plumage	breeding plumage	breeding plumage

Tufted Puffin -
breeding plumage	breeding plumage